Kraft J C, Shepard T, Juchau M R
Department of Pharmacology, University of Washington, School of Medicine, Seattle 98195.
Reprod Toxicol. 1993;7(1):11-5. doi: 10.1016/0890-6238(93)90004-q.
In nonhuman vertebrate embryos, two endogenous retinoids with significant morphogenic activities have been identified thus far: all-trans retinoic acid and 3, 4-didehydroretinoic acid. To date, no information is available concerning endogenous retinoid levels in developing human embryos or fetuses. The purpose of the present study was to provide data relating to normal levels of retinoids in various human embryonic and fetal tissues at various stages of gestation measurable with HPLC techniques. Our investigations show that all-trans-retinoic acid, 13-cis-retinoic acid, retinol, all-trans-retinoyl-beta-glucuronide, and one unidentified metabolite were all present and quantifiable in several human embryos and fetuses investigated. Tissue levels of retinol were consistently much higher than those of the other three detected metabolites; 4-oxo metabolites were below the levels of detection in all samples studied.
在非人类脊椎动物胚胎中，迄今为止已鉴定出两种具有显著形态发生活性的内源性类视黄醇：全反式视黄酸和3,4-二脱氢视黄酸。迄今为止，尚无关于发育中的人类胚胎或胎儿内源性类视黄醇水平的信息。本研究的目的是提供与通过高效液相色谱技术可测量的不同妊娠阶段各种人类胚胎和胎儿组织中类视黄醇正常水平相关的数据。我们的研究表明，在所研究的几个人类胚胎和胎儿中，全反式视黄酸、13-顺式视黄酸、视黄醇、全反式视黄酰-β-葡萄糖醛酸苷和一种未鉴定的代谢物均存在且可定量。视黄醇的组织水平始终远高于其他三种检测到的代谢物；4-氧代代谢物在所有研究样本中均低于检测水平。
