Morin D E, Petersen G C, Whitmore H L, Hungerford L L, Hinton R A
Department of Veterinary Clinical Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Illinois, Urbana 61801.
J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1993 Feb 15;202(4):540-8.
Mastitis monitoring and control programs were instituted in 4 Illinois dairy herds for 12 months. Two herds had high mean monthly bulk tank somatic cell counts (> 490,000 cells/ml) and 2 had low mean monthly bulk tank somatic cell counts (< 260,000 cells/ml) at the start of the study. The mastitis monitoring and control programs included mandatory mastitis control measures, as well as individualized control measures that were based on results of bacterial cultures of milk, bulk tank milk analyses, milking machine and milking procedure evaluations, and environmental inspections in each herd. Changes in mastitis prevalence, clinical mastitis incidence, milk yield, and individual cow somatic cell counts were evaluated, and an economic analysis was performed for each herd. Mastitis-associated economic losses during the study period ranged from $161.79 to $344.16/lactating cow in the 4 herds. Gross economic benefits resulted when mastitis-associated losses were lower with the monitoring and control program than predicted without it. There were no gross economic benefits in the herds with low somatic cell counts, and, when the marginal costs of the programs were added, there were large net losses ($84.06 and $113.01/lactating cow) in those herds. Gross economic benefits resulted in both of the herds with high somatic cell counts. However, in 1 of the herds, the marginal costs of the program exceeded the benefits, resulting in a net loss of $12.96/lactating cow. The net loss was attributed primarily to poor producer compliance with recommendations. There was a net economic benefit of $19.11/lactating cow in the other herd with high somatic cell counts, in which producer compliance was better.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
在伊利诺伊州的4个奶牛场实施了为期12个月的乳腺炎监测与控制计划。在研究开始时，其中2个奶牛场的每月奶罐平均体细胞计数较高（>490,000个细胞/毫升），另外2个奶牛场的每月奶罐平均体细胞计数较低（<260,000个细胞/毫升）。乳腺炎监测与控制计划包括强制性的乳腺炎控制措施，以及基于牛奶细菌培养结果、奶罐牛奶分析、挤奶机和挤奶程序评估以及每个奶牛场环境检查的个性化控制措施。评估了乳腺炎患病率、临床乳腺炎发病率、产奶量和个体奶牛体细胞计数的变化，并对每个奶牛场进行了经济分析。在这4个奶牛场中，研究期间与乳腺炎相关的经济损失为每头泌乳奶牛161.79美元至344.16美元。当监测与控制计划下与乳腺炎相关的损失低于未实施该计划时的预测损失时，产生了总体经济效益。体细胞计数低的奶牛场没有总体经济效益，并且在加上该计划的边际成本后，这些奶牛场出现了巨大的净损失（每头泌乳奶牛84.06美元和113.01美元）。体细胞计数高的两个奶牛场都产生了总体经济效益。然而，在其中一个奶牛场中，该计划的边际成本超过了收益，导致每头泌乳奶牛净损失12.96美元。净损失主要归因于生产者对建议的依从性差。在另一个体细胞计数高的奶牛场中，生产者依从性较好，每头泌乳奶牛有19.11美元的净经济效益。（摘要截短为250字）
