一项比较：美国和德国的一个开放式精神科病房。

A comparison: an open psychiatric unit in the US and Germany.

Wuerth U

Lehigh Valley Hospital, Allentown, Pennsylvania.

J Psychosoc Nurs Ment Health Serv. 1993 Mar;31(3):29-33. doi: 10.3928/0279-3695-19930301-09.

Abstract

Psychiatry reform occurred not only in the US but in Europe as well. As a result, psychiatric units in general hospitals were established both here and abroad. 2. Principles of psychiatric nursing also changed. In the US and Germany, guidelines emphasized the goal of a patient's self-sufficiency rather than dependency on staff and institutions. 3. Psychiatric staff nurses in Germany receive additional and continued education, whereas academic advancement and specialization prepares the nurse specialist in the US. 4. The daily routine on a German psychiatric unit includes preadmission interviews, more liberal passes and outings for patients, overlapping shifts, and an emphasis on "supervision."

摘要

精神病学改革不仅在美国发生，在欧洲也同样如此。因此，国内外综合医院都设立了精神科病房。2. 精神科护理原则也发生了变化。在美国和德国，指导方针强调患者自给自足的目标，而非依赖医护人员和机构。3. 德国的精神科注册护士接受额外的继续教育，而在美国，学术进步和专业化培养精神科专科护士。4. 德国精神科病房的日常工作包括入院前访谈、给予患者更自由的外出许可和外出活动、轮班重叠，以及强调“监督”。