Trible W, Hoffman B J, Cunningham J T
Department of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston.
South Med J. 1993 Mar;86(3):358-60. doi: 10.1097/00007611-199303000-00022.
Precise preoperative evaluation and staging of cases of painless jaundice is extremely important. Many of the patients are older and may have multiple medical problems that increase their operative risk. Assessment of the distal common bile duct, ampulla of Vater, and head of the pancreas is particularly difficult. Various imaging modalities are available but are not sensitive enough to detect small lesions or local invasion. Endoscopic ultrasonography is a new technique that places the transducer closer to the organ being evaluated, adding a new dimension to defining tumor invasion and extension.
对无痛性黄疸病例进行精确的术前评估和分期极其重要。许多患者年龄较大，可能有多种内科问题，这会增加其手术风险。对胆总管远端、Vater壶腹和胰头的评估尤其困难。有多种成像方式可供使用，但对检测小病变或局部侵犯不够敏感。内镜超声检查是一项新技术，它能将换能器放置得更靠近被评估器官，为界定肿瘤侵犯和扩展增添了新的维度。
