Ysunza A, Vazquez M C
Departmento de Foniatria, Hospital General Dr. Manuel Gea Gonzalez, Mexico, D.F.
Cleft Palate Craniofac J. 1993 Mar;30(2):141-3. doi: 10.1597/1545-1569_1993_030_0141_vspidi_2.3.co_2.
Fifty-three deaf subjects with a history of prelingual profound bilateral sensorineural hearing loss, similar language habilitation with hearing aids, and normal velopharyngeal structures underwent a study protocol including speech evaluation, behavioral pure-tone audiometry, videonasopharyngoscopy, multiview videofluoroscopy, and electromyography of the velopharyngeal muscles. Subjects were divided into two groups: the first group included 13 subjects with normal nasal resonance or mild hypernasality (four normals and nine with mild hypernasality); the second group had subjects with severe hypernasality and severe articulation deficits. Pure-tone thresholds, velopharyngeal closure patterns, and electromyographic activity of velopharyngeal muscles were similar for both groups of subjects. However, in subjects with severe hypernasality, despite normal muscle activity as observed by electromyography, velopharyngeal valving activity lacked rhythm and strength during speech. It is concluded that deaf subjects may present a functional disorder of the velopharyngeal sphincter related to absence of auditory regulation during phonation. Visual biofeedback using videonasopharyngoscopy may be useful for treating this disorder.
五十三名患有语前双侧重度感音神经性听力损失病史、使用助听器后语言康复情况相似且腭咽结构正常的聋人受试者接受了一项研究方案，该方案包括言语评估、行为纯音听力测定、鼻咽喉视频内镜检查、多视角视频荧光透视检查以及腭咽肌肌电图检查。受试者被分为两组：第一组包括13名鼻共鸣正常或有轻度鼻音过重的受试者（4名正常受试者和9名有轻度鼻音过重的受试者）；第二组是有严重鼻音过重和严重发音缺陷的受试者。两组受试者的纯音听阈、腭咽闭合模式以及腭咽肌的肌电活动相似。然而，在有严重鼻音过重的受试者中，尽管通过肌电图观察到肌肉活动正常，但在言语过程中腭咽瓣膜活动缺乏节律和力量。得出的结论是，聋人受试者可能存在与发声时缺乏听觉调节相关的腭咽括约肌功能障碍。使用鼻咽喉视频内镜检查的视觉生物反馈可能对治疗这种障碍有用。
