Poulton E C, Edwards R S
J Exp Psychol Hum Percept Perform. 1977 Feb;3(1):136-50. doi: 10.1037//0096-1523.3.1.136.
Altogether 168 men searched briefly for colored sloping lines embedded in a background of random color. Using a separate-groups experimental design, search for six kinds of target was found to be less effective after practice than search for a single kind of target. Reducing the number of colors of targets from three to one was considerably more beneficial than reducing the number of main directions of slope from two to one. Reducing the number of kinds of target without reducing the number of relevant stimulus values was also found to improve the effectiveness of search, but search was even more effective when the number of relevant stimulus colors was reduced. The results can be predicted from the total number of selection operations required. However, a more precise fit needs to reflect the considerably greater difficulty of searching for a number of directions of slope. When targets were poorly camouflaged, search was equally effective whether there were four colors or only a single color of target to search for.
共有168名男性在随机颜色背景中短暂搜索嵌入其中的彩色斜线。采用独立组实验设计，发现练习后搜索六种目标的效果不如搜索单一目标。将目标颜色数量从三种减少到一种比将主要倾斜方向数量从两种减少到一种更有益。在不减少相关刺激值数量的情况下减少目标种类也被发现可提高搜索效果，但当相关刺激颜色数量减少时搜索效果更佳。结果可以从所需选择操作的总数来预测。然而，更精确的拟合需要反映出搜索多个倾斜方向的难度要大得多。当目标伪装不佳时，无论有四种颜色还是只有一种颜色的目标可供搜索，搜索效果都是一样的。
