Johnson A H
J Fam Pract. 1977 Mar;4(3):525-8.
Behavioral science confronts at least three major problems within American medicine that must be overcome if the family physician of the future is to receive an adequate graduate education and maintain his professional integrity. Through increasing specialization, the once unified biological perspective of man was severely fragmented, and with increasing emphasis on the science of medicine, the disease process was objectified and reified. Twentieth century man joined his myth of technological mastery with medicine's desire to eliminate pain and suffering. This gave rise to the idea that life could be medically managed and existential dilemmas anesthetized. To overcome these problems behavioral science has two ethical issues to address in family medicine. First, behavioral science must restore the physician's sense of personhood by recognizing the person of the physician as the primary diagnostic and therapeutic "tool" of family practice. Second, behavioral science must help family practice refocus its professional responsibility on the social problems of the day. This will happen through a critical review of the custodial aspects of the physician's role and an emphasis on role innovation. Approaches to these two ethical issues at the Medical University of South Carolina family practice residency are described.
行为科学在美国医学领域面临至少三个重大问题，若未来的家庭医生想要接受充分的研究生教育并保持其职业操守，这些问题必须得到解决。随着专业化程度的不断提高，曾经统一的人类生物学视角被严重碎片化，并且随着对医学科学的日益重视，疾病过程被客观化和具体化。20世纪的人类将其对技术掌控的神话与医学消除疼痛和痛苦的愿望结合在一起。这导致了一种观念，即生命可以通过医学手段进行管理，生存困境可以被麻醉。为了克服这些问题，行为科学在家庭医学中有两个伦理问题需要解决。首先，行为科学必须通过将医生视为家庭医疗的主要诊断和治疗“工具”，来恢复医生的人格意识。其次，行为科学必须帮助家庭医疗将其职业责任重新聚焦于当今的社会问题。这将通过对医生角色的监护方面进行批判性审视以及强调角色创新来实现。本文描述了南卡罗来纳医科大学家庭医疗住院医师培训项目针对这两个伦理问题所采取的方法。
