Sigall H, Gould R
J Pers Soc Psychol. 1977 Jan;35(1):12-20. doi: 10.1037//0022-3514.35.1.12.
The self-esteem of subjects was temporarily either raised or lowered by giving them false feedback on an alleged personality test. Subjects then participated in what they believed was a second, separate experiment in which they would engage in problem solving. Half the subjects in each self-esteem condition were led to believe that the evaluator of their problem-solving performance was difficult to please; the remainder, that he was easy to please. Subjects then committed themselves to expending effort in preparation for the problem-solving exercise. Based on a self-enhancement perspective derived from attributional principles, an interaction was predicted: High self-esteem subjects would plan to exert greater effort when the evaluator was demanding than when he was undemanding, whereas low self-esteem subjects would exert greater effort when the evaluator was undemanding. The results supported the hypothesis and are discussed with respect to consistency theory, as well as in the context of self-enhancement ideas.
通过在一项所谓的人格测试中给予受试者虚假反馈，受试者的自尊会暂时提高或降低。然后，受试者参与他们认为是第二个独立的实验，在这个实验中他们将进行问题解决。在每种自尊状态下，一半的受试者被引导相信对他们问题解决表现的评估者很难取悦；其余的人则认为他很容易取悦。然后，受试者承诺投入精力为问题解决练习做准备。基于从归因原则得出的自我提升观点，预测会有一个交互作用：高自尊的受试者在评估者要求高时比要求低时会计划付出更多努力，而低自尊的受试者在评估者要求低时会付出更多努力。结果支持了这一假设，并从一致性理论以及自我提升观点的背景下进行了讨论。
