King K B, Reis H T, Porter L A, Norsen L H
School of Nursing, University of Rochester, New York 14642.
Health Psychol. 1993 Jan;12(1):56-63. doi: 10.1037//0278-6133.12.1.56.
Using a longitudinal design, the effect of social support on recovery from coronary bypass surgery was examined in 155 patients and 103 of their spouses. Perception of the availability of 5 types of social support was relatively stable from preoperation to 1 year after surgery and was significantly related to emotional and functional outcomes. Of the 5 types of support measured, only esteem support was significantly and consistently related to outcomes for patients and spouses. This relationship was strongest within-time, and across-time relationships effects were weaker. Spouse's perception of support was related to patient outcomes, controlling for patient perceptions of support. Results suggest that perception of esteem support may be the most salient type of support related to feelings of well-being during and after an acute health-care event. In addition, perception of social support may be characterized by stable individual differences.
采用纵向设计，对155名患者及其103名配偶进行研究，以考察社会支持对冠状动脉搭桥手术后康复的影响。从术前到术后1年，对5种社会支持可得性的感知相对稳定，且与情绪和功能结果显著相关。在所测量的5种支持类型中，只有尊重支持与患者及其配偶的结果显著且始终相关。这种关系在同一时间内最强，跨时间的关系效应较弱。在控制患者对支持的感知后，配偶对支持的感知与患者的结果相关。结果表明，尊重支持的感知可能是与急性医疗事件期间及之后的幸福感相关的最显著的支持类型。此外，社会支持的感知可能具有稳定的个体差异特征。
