Sanders M R, Patel R K, Le Grice B, Shepherd R W
Department of Psychiatry, University of Queensland, Herston, Australia.
Health Psychol. 1993 Jan;12(1):64-73. doi: 10.1037//0278-6133.12.1.64.
This study examined the relationship between parent's feeding practices and the feeding behavior of toddlers and preschool-age children with (n = 19) or without (n = 29) persistent feeding difficulties. Specifically, patterns of parent-child interaction were assessed during standardized family mealtime observations in the clinic. Parents also kept observational records of their children's mealtime behavior at home and rated the degree of difficulty they experienced in feeding their child during each meal on a daily basis. Observational results showed that feeding-disordered children engaged in higher levels of disruptive mealtime behavior (food refusal, noncompliance, complaining, oppositional behavior, and playing with food) and lower levels of chewing during mealtime. There were several significant age effects, with younger children (under age 3) engaging in more vomiting and less aversive demanding and verbalizations. Parents of feeding-disordered children were more negative and coercive in their feeding practices and engaged in higher levels of aversive instruction giving, aversive prompting, and negative eating-related comments. There were several significant associations between coercive parental behaviors and children's food refusal and noncompliance in the sample as a whole. Measures of children's disruptiveness at mealtimes in the clinic were significantly correlated with measures of mealtime behavior in the home.
本研究考察了有（n = 19）或无（n = 29）持续性喂养困难的幼儿及学龄前儿童家长的喂养方式与孩子喂养行为之间的关系。具体而言，在诊所进行标准化家庭用餐观察期间，评估亲子互动模式。家长们还记录了孩子在家用餐时的行为，并每天对每餐喂养孩子时所遇到的困难程度进行评分。观察结果显示，存在喂养障碍的儿童在用餐时出现更高水平的破坏性行为（拒食、不服从、抱怨、对立行为以及玩弄食物），且用餐时咀嚼水平较低。存在几个显著的年龄效应，年龄较小的儿童（3岁以下）呕吐更多，厌恶要求和言语表达更少。存在喂养障碍的儿童的家长在喂养方式上更消极、更具强制性，且进行厌恶指导、厌恶提示以及与饮食相关的负面评论的水平更高。在整个样本中，强制性家长行为与孩子的拒食和不服从之间存在几个显著的关联。诊所中儿童用餐时的破坏性行为指标与家中用餐行为指标显著相关。
