芽孢杆菌属中的蛋白质分泌
Protein secretion in Bacillus species.
作者信息
Simonen M, Palva I
机构信息
Institute of Biotechnology, University of Helsinki, Finland.
出版信息
Microbiol Rev. 1993 Mar;57(1):109-37. doi: 10.1128/mr.57.1.109-137.1993.
Bacilli secrete numerous proteins into the environment. Many of the secretory proteins, their export signals, and their processing steps during secretion have been characterized in detail. In contrast, the molecular mechanisms of protein secretion have been relatively poorly characterized. However, several components of the protein secretion machinery have been identified and cloned recently, which is likely to lead to rapid expansion of the knowledge of the protein secretion mechanism in Bacillus species. Comparison of the presently known export components of Bacillus species with those of Escherichia coli suggests that the mechanism of protein translocation across the cytoplasmic membrane is conserved among gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria differences are found in steps preceding and following the translocation process. Many of the secretory proteins of bacilli are produced industrially, but several problems have been encountered in the production of Bacillus heterologous secretory proteins. In the final section we discuss these problems and point out some possibilities to overcome them.
芽孢杆菌会向周围环境分泌大量蛋白质。许多分泌蛋白、它们的输出信号以及分泌过程中的加工步骤都已得到详细表征。相比之下，蛋白质分泌的分子机制却相对鲜有研究。然而，最近已经鉴定并克隆了蛋白质分泌机制中的几个组分，这可能会使我们对芽孢杆菌属物种蛋白质分泌机制的认识迅速扩充。将目前已知的芽孢杆菌属物种的输出组分与大肠杆菌的进行比较，结果表明革兰氏阴性菌和革兰氏阳性菌在蛋白质跨细胞质膜转运的机制上是保守的，不过在转运过程之前和之后的步骤中存在差异。芽孢杆菌的许多分泌蛋白都是通过工业生产的，但在生产芽孢杆菌异源分泌蛋白时遇到了几个问题。在最后一部分，我们将讨论这些问题并指出一些克服它们的可能性。
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