von Engelhardt D
Institut für Medizin-und Wissenschaftgeschichte, Medizinische Universität Lübeck.
Gesundheitswesen. 1993 Mar;55(3):112-8.
Chronic disease appears in the literature and fine arts of the 19th century in its manifestations, its causes and its therapy, as well as its symbolism. Examples of persuasive characters are portrayed next to negative ones-in the respective roles of the patient, the physician, the nurse, as well as of the relatives. The limits of medicine are also made apparent as well as possibilities presented for ways of giving a human meaning to the suffering, disease and death.
慢性病在19世纪的文学和艺术作品中呈现出其表现形式、病因、治疗方法以及象征意义。在文学和艺术作品中，除了负面形象外，还塑造了具有说服力的人物形象——分别扮演患者、医生、护士以及亲属的角色。医学的局限性也得以显现，同时也展现了赋予苦难、疾病和死亡以人文意义的种种可能性。
