Masten A S, Miliotis D, Graham-Bermann S A, Ramirez M, Neemann J
Institute of Child Development, University of Minnesota, Twin Cities, Minneapolis 55455.
J Consult Clin Psychol. 1993 Apr;61(2):335-43. doi: 10.1037//0022-006x.61.2.335.
This study examined the psychological adjustment of 159 homeless children in comparison with a sample of 62 low-income children living at home. In each group, ages ranged from 8 to 17 years. As expected, homeless children were found to have greater recent stress exposure than housed poor children, as well as more disrupted schooling and friendships. Child behavior problems were above normative levels for homeless children, particularly for antisocial behavior. Across the 2 samples, however, behavior problems were more related to parental distress, cumulative risk status, and recent adversity than to housing status or income. Results suggest that homeless children share many of the risks and problems of other American children being reared in poverty.
本研究调查了159名无家可归儿童的心理调适情况，并与62名居住在家中的低收入儿童样本进行了比较。每组儿童的年龄范围为8至17岁。正如预期的那样，研究发现无家可归儿童近期面临的压力比有住所的贫困儿童更大，上学和交友也受到更多干扰。无家可归儿童的行为问题高于正常水平，尤其是反社会行为。然而，在这两个样本中，行为问题与父母的痛苦、累积风险状况和近期逆境的关联，要比与住房状况或收入的关联更大。结果表明，无家可归儿童与其他生活在贫困中的美国儿童面临许多相同的风险和问题。
