Hilsenroth M J, Hibbard S R, Nash M R, Handler L
Department of Psychology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville 37996-0900.
J Pers Assess. 1993 Apr;60(2):346-61. doi: 10.1207/s15327752jpa6002_11.
We examined the differences between narcissism, mode of defense, and level of aggression on the Rorschach. We also investigated differences in borderline, narcissistic, and Cluster C personality disorders by examining responses to Rorschach content variables. The Lerner Defense Scale (P. Lerner & H. Lerner, 1980), the aggressive content section of the Holt (1977) method for assessing primary process manifestations, a modified version of Exner's (1986a) Egocentricity Index, Wagner's (1965) exhibitionistic M score, and grandiosity were scored on the Rorschach protocols of 17 borderline, 17 narcissistic, and 17 Cluster C personality disorders. Borderlines were found to employ primitive defensive structures to a greater degree and severity, show more intense and overall aggression as well as more responses on the three forms of aggression in the Holt method, and have higher levels of grandiosity. Narcissists evinced significantly higher levels of egocentricity than borderlines and higher levels of idealization than the Cluster C group. Convergent validity was found on the measures of defense and aggression, which showed a strong relationship between primitive aggression and primitive defense.
我们研究了罗夏测验中自恋、防御方式和攻击水平之间的差异。我们还通过检查对罗夏测验内容变量的反应，调查了边缘型、自恋型和C类人格障碍之间的差异。对17例边缘型、17例自恋型和17例C类人格障碍患者的罗夏测验记录进行评分，采用勒纳防御量表（P.勒纳和H.勒纳，1980年）、霍尔特（1977年）评估初级过程表现方法中的攻击内容部分、埃克纳（1986a）自我中心指数的修订版、瓦格纳（1965年）的暴露癖M分数以及夸大观念。结果发现，边缘型人格障碍患者在更大程度和更高强度上采用原始防御结构，在霍尔特方法中的三种攻击形式上表现出更强烈和更全面的攻击以及更多反应，并且具有更高的夸大观念水平。自恋型人格障碍患者表现出比边缘型人格障碍患者显著更高的自我中心水平，以及比C类人格障碍组更高的理想化水平。在防御和攻击测量中发现了聚合效度，这表明原始攻击和原始防御之间存在很强的关系。
