Strayer M S
Section of Community Dentistry, College of Dentistry, Ohio State University, Columbus 43210.
J Public Health Dent. 1993 Winter;53(1):12-6. doi: 10.1111/j.1752-7325.1993.tb02665.x.
Currently, little is known about the oral health status, perceived oral health needs, or the extent of dental utilization among community-dwelling, functionally dependent elderly. The purpose of this study was to describe the dental health of functionally dependent elderly living at home and receiving community-based support services. The functional limitations experienced by these elderly living at home are comparable to functional limitations experienced by institutionalized elderly and these limitations impact on oral hygiene and access to dental care. Oral examinations and questionnaires were completed on 50 clients of an urban social service agency. Subjects had a mean of 8.8 teeth/person, with 44 percent completely edentulous. Two subgroups identified from the questionnaire--those who perceived themselves homebound (n = 30) and those who did not (n = 20), did not differ by age, gender, education level, or race. Respondents reported being homebound an average of 4.5 (+/- 2.9) years. The mean decayed, filled teeth for the perceived homebound group was 5.1, and 7.3 for the group that did not perceive themselves as homebound, with both groups averaging less than of one tooth/person with active root decay. Health care and social policy agendas must address the changing scope of oral health needs and limited access to dental care experienced by an aging population retaining more of their natural dentition.
目前，对于居家生活、功能依赖的老年人的口腔健康状况、口腔健康需求认知以及牙科服务利用程度，我们知之甚少。本研究的目的是描述居家生活且接受社区支持服务的功能依赖老年人的牙齿健康状况。这些居家老年人所经历的功能限制与机构养老老年人所经历的功能限制相当，并且这些限制对口腔卫生和获得牙科护理产生影响。对一家城市社会服务机构的50名客户进行了口腔检查并完成了问卷调查。受试者人均有8.8颗牙齿，44%的人完全无牙。从问卷中确定的两个亚组——那些认为自己居家不出门的人（n = 30）和那些不这么认为的人（n = 20），在年龄、性别、教育水平或种族方面没有差异。受访者报告平均居家不出门4.5（±2.9）年。认为自己居家不出门的组平均龋齿补牙数为5.1，不认为自己居家不出门的组为7.3，两组人均有活动性根龋的牙齿均少于一颗。医疗保健和社会政策议程必须应对不断变化的口腔健康需求范围，以及老龄人口保留更多天然牙列所面临的获得牙科护理机会有限的问题。
