Chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy.

Chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy (CIDP) represents an important acquired condition characterized by progressive, symmetrical, proximal and distal weakness. Muscle stretch reflexes are depressed and sensory loss is variable. Patients may have mild to severe weakness and may require assisted ambulation or wheelchairs. Rarely do patients require respiratory support. Laboratory features include nerve conduction changes and nerve biopsy pathology indicative of demyelination. Cerebrospinal fluid protein is characteristically elevated without pleocytosis. The condition is responsive to immunosuppressive therapy, especially prednisone and plasmapheresis (plasma exchange). CIDP frequently follows a chronic or relapsing course.