Lyons-Ruth K, Alpern L, Repacholi B
Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Cambridge Hospital, MA 02139.
Child Dev. 1993 Apr;64(2):572-85. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-8624.1993.tb02929.x.
This study of 62 low-income families examined the relation between maternal and infant measures assessed at 18 months infant age and child behavior problems at age 5 as rated by preschool teachers. The infancy assessments included measures of mother-infant interaction, maternal psychosocial problems, infant cognitive development, and infant attachment security, including the disorganized/disoriented classification. The strongest single predictor of deviant levels of hostile behavior toward peers in the classroom was earlier disorganized/disoriented attachment status, with 71% of hostile preschoolers classified as disorganized in their attachment relationships in infancy. Maternal psychosocial problems independently predicted hostile aggression in preschool and combined additively with infant attachment security in prediction. Results are discussed in relation to the asymmetry of forward and backward prediction that characterized the findings and in relation to the potential significance of disorganized attachment behavior as a precursor to later maladaptation.
这项针对62个低收入家庭的研究，考察了婴儿18个月大时评估的母婴指标与5岁儿童行为问题之间的关系，行为问题由幼儿园教师进行评分。婴儿期评估包括母婴互动、母亲心理社会问题、婴儿认知发展和婴儿依恋安全性的测量，其中依恋安全性包括混乱/迷失方向分类。在课堂上对同伴表现出敌对行为异常水平的最强单一预测因素是早期的混乱/迷失方向依恋状态，71%表现出敌对行为的学龄前儿童在婴儿期的依恋关系被归类为混乱型。母亲心理社会问题独立预测了学龄前儿童的敌对攻击行为，并且在预测中与婴儿依恋安全性具有累加性。研究结果将结合该研究结果所具有的前后预测不对称性以及混乱依恋行为作为后期适应不良先兆的潜在重要性进行讨论。
