Nisbet L A, McQueen D V
Research Unit in Health and Behavioural Change, University of Edinburgh.
Soc Sci Med. 1993 Apr;36(7):893-901. doi: 10.1016/0277-9536(93)90081-e.
AIDS is in the tradition of diseases which have given moral interpretations. One way in which this moralistic perspective may express itself is by members of the public holding high risk groups responsible for their (AIDS related) lifestyles and their considering AIDS to be a self-inflicted disease. A unique data source of 7000 verbatim comments recorded in the course of 25,000 structured Computer Assisted Telephone Interviews on Lifestyle and Health which contain a substantial component on AIDS--knowledge, attitudes, beliefs and sexual behaviour, was used to document negative attitudes to 'AIDS related lifestyles'. These comments revealed that despite evidence of concern about drug use, many respondents consider AIDS to be irrelevant to the majority of the population. There is some evidence that AIDS has contributed to reinforcing negative attitudes towards homosexuality and drug use, especially among older respondents. Extreme punitive attitudes towards high risk groups were expressed by a small minority (predominantly males).
艾滋病属于那些引发道德解读的疾病范畴。这种道德主义观点的一种表现方式是，公众认为高危群体应对其（与艾滋病相关的）生活方式负责，并认为艾滋病是一种自我招致的疾病。在一项关于生活方式与健康的25000次结构化计算机辅助电话访谈过程中记录了7000条逐字评论，这是一个独特的数据源，其中关于艾滋病的内容——知识、态度、信念和性行为——占了很大一部分，这些评论被用来记录对“与艾滋病相关的生活方式”的负面态度。这些评论显示，尽管有证据表明人们对吸毒问题有所关注，但许多受访者认为艾滋病与大多数人无关。有证据表明，艾滋病加剧了对同性恋和吸毒的负面态度，尤其是在年长的受访者中。一小部分人（主要是男性）对高危群体表达了极端的惩罚性态度。
