Lukas S E
Alcohol and Drug Abuse Research Center, McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA 02178.
Trends Pharmacol Sci. 1993 Feb;14(2):61-8. doi: 10.1016/0165-6147(93)90032-f.
For the past 40 years anabolic-androgenic steroids have been used by a wide variety of athletes with the hope of improving their training, endurance and performance. Proponents of their use claim that the drugs increase muscle strength and mass, endurance, decrease recovery time between workouts and improve physique. Critics claim that these beneficial effects are due primarily to expectancy and other factors associated with training; many doctors also claim that their use is actually quite dangerous. Regardless of their efficacy, the use and abuse of anabolic-androgenic steroids has escalated such that in 1990 the US Congress enacted the Anabolic Steroids Control Act requiring that anabolic steroids be added to Schedule III of the Controlled Substances Act. This action placed compounds such as testosterone cipionate and nandrolone decanoate in the company of various opioid drugs, amphetamines and barbiturates. As chair of the American Society for Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics' Committee on Substance Abuse, Scott Lukas advocates continued research on the effectiveness, toxicity and natural history of anabolic-androgenic steroid abuse.
在过去40年里，各类运动员一直使用合成代谢雄激素类固醇，希望借此改善训练效果、提高耐力和运动成绩。支持使用这类药物的人宣称，这些药物能增强肌肉力量和块头、提高耐力、缩短训练间的恢复时间并改善体格。批评者则称，这些所谓的益处主要源于预期以及与训练相关的其他因素；许多医生也表示，使用这类药物实际上相当危险。无论其效果如何，合成代谢雄激素类固醇的使用和滥用情况都在升级，以至于1990年美国国会颁布了《合成代谢类固醇管制法》，要求将合成代谢类固醇列入《管制物质法》的第三类管制药品。这一举措将诸如环戊丙酸睾酮和癸酸诺龙等化合物与各类阿片类药物、安非他命和巴比妥酸盐归为一类。作为美国药理学与实验治疗学会药物滥用委员会主席，斯科特·卢卡斯主张继续研究合成代谢雄激素类固醇滥用的有效性、毒性及自然发展过程。
