Emerling J M, Paluzzi P, Leiva J, Cullins V E
Center for Addiction and Pregnancy (CAP), Francis Scott Key Medical Center, Baltimore, Maryland.
J Nurse Midwifery. 1993 Mar-Apr;38(2 Suppl):80S-87S. doi: 10.1016/0091-2182(93)90100-u.
Subdermal contraceptive implants have only recently been approved for use in the United States. At present, only one subdermal contraceptive implant, Norplant, is approved in the United States. This article describes the development of Norplant, its efficacy and safety, a description of the system, education for clients, side effects, indications and contraindications, insertion and removal, incorporation into midwifery practice, and education for health professionals regarding its use.
皮下避孕植入剂直到最近才在美国被批准使用。目前，在美国仅有一种皮下避孕植入剂——诺普兰（Norplant）被批准。本文介绍了诺普兰的研发过程、其有效性和安全性、该系统的描述、对使用者的教育、副作用、适应证和禁忌证、植入和取出方法、纳入助产实践的情况以及针对卫生专业人员关于其使用的教育。
