Monitto C L, Kurth C D
Department of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, PA 19104.
Anesth Analg. 1993 May;76(5):985-9. doi: 10.1213/00000539-199305000-00012.
The effect of fentanyl, sufentanil, and alfentanil on cerebral arterioles was determined in 17 halothane-anesthetized newborn piglets. A closed cranial window was inserted over the parietal cortex, and changes in the luminal diameter of pial arterioles were measured by intravital microscopy as increasing concentrations of opioid (10(-9)-10(-5) M) were suffused over the cortical surface. Each opioid caused a dose-dependent decrease in arteriolar diameter that was attenuated by coadministration of naloxone (10(-5) M). Fentanyl was more potent than either alfentanil or sufentanil. Naloxone alone had no effect at concentrations < or = 10(-5) M, suggesting that endogenous opioids contribute little to resting cerebrovascular tone. These results indicate that fentanyl, sufentanil, and alfentanil produce cerebral vasoconstriction by action at an opioid receptor and that their vasoconstrictive potency appears to differ from their analgesic potency.
在17只接受氟烷麻醉的新生仔猪中，测定了芬太尼、舒芬太尼和阿芬太尼对脑小动脉的影响。在顶叶皮质上方插入一个封闭的颅骨视窗，通过活体显微镜测量软脑膜小动脉的管腔直径变化，随着阿片类药物浓度（10(-9)-10(-5) M）增加并弥漫于皮质表面。每种阿片类药物均引起小动脉直径呈剂量依赖性减小，而纳洛酮（10(-5) M）共同给药可减弱这种减小。芬太尼比阿芬太尼或舒芬太尼更有效。纳洛酮在浓度≤10(-5) M时单独使用无作用，提示内源性阿片类物质对静息脑血管张力贡献很小。这些结果表明，芬太尼、舒芬太尼和阿芬太尼通过作用于阿片受体产生脑血管收缩，且它们的血管收缩效力似乎与其镇痛效力不同。
