Rahkonen O, Lahelma E, Karisto A, Manderbacka K
J Public Health Policy. 1993 Spring;14(1):66-81.
Finland, Norway and Sweden are highly developed welfare states with a long tradition of egalitarian health and welfare policies. This article analyzes social class differentials in self-reported limiting long-standing illness among men and women in these countries. The data consisted of nation-wide Level of Living Surveys made in 1986-87 in Finland (N = 11,783), Norway (N = 4,211) and Sweden (N = 4,699). Women reported both long-standing illness and limiting long-standing illness slightly more often than men. The prevalence of limiting long-standing illness was lower in Sweden than in Finland and Norway. In all countries blue-collar workers reported ill-health more often than white-collar employees. The prevalence of self-reported limiting long-standing illness among Swedish upper white-collar workers was very low and that among Finnish farmers very high. Skilled female workers showed the worst health whereas Swedish upper class men showed the best health. The reasons for these social inequalities, and their implications for social policy, are discussed.
芬兰、挪威和瑞典都是高度发达的福利国家，有着长期平等主义的健康和福利政策传统。本文分析了这些国家男性和女性自我报告的长期慢性病的社会阶层差异。数据来自1986 - 1987年在芬兰（N = 11783）、挪威（N = 4211）和瑞典（N = 4699）进行的全国生活水平调查。女性报告长期慢性病和限制活动的长期慢性病的频率略高于男性。瑞典限制活动的长期慢性病患病率低于芬兰和挪威。在所有国家，蓝领工人报告健康不佳的频率高于白领雇员。瑞典高级白领工人自我报告的限制活动的长期慢性病患病率非常低，而芬兰农民的患病率非常高。熟练女工的健康状况最差，而瑞典上层阶级男性的健康状况最好。本文讨论了这些社会不平等现象的原因及其对社会政策的影响。
