Riecher-Rössler A, Rössler W
Central Institute of Mental Health, Mannheim, Germany.
Acta Psychiatr Scand. 1993 Apr;87(4):231-6. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0447.1993.tb03363.x.
The frequency of compulsory admissions to psychiatric hospitals varies considerably between countries and regions. However, the differences are partly artificial, as the figures available are not fully comparable; this is mainly owing to differing definitions of "compulsory" and the methodological shortcomings of most studies in this field. In addition, there are also clear real differences, most of which result from different legislation and administrative regulations. Characteristics of the patient that influence the risk of compulsory admission include diagnosis and certain sociodemographic and social factors. Most studies, however, are based on highly selected populations. Furthermore, the results depend heavily on the commitment frequency of a country and therefore eventually also on the restrictiveness of legislation. The lack of methodologically sound studies, internationally comparable data and internationally published information is regrettable, as international comparison and discussion would certainly be valuable, especially for countries that are in the process of re-evaluating their commitment criteria and mental health legislation.
精神病院强制收治的频率在不同国家和地区差异很大。然而，这些差异部分是人为造成的，因为现有的数据并不完全具有可比性；这主要是由于“强制”的定义不同以及该领域大多数研究在方法上的缺陷。此外，也存在明显的实际差异，其中大多数是由不同的立法和行政法规导致的。影响强制收治风险的患者特征包括诊断以及某些社会人口统计学和社会因素。然而，大多数研究基于高度特定的人群。此外，结果在很大程度上取决于一个国家的收治频率，因此最终也取决于立法的严格程度。缺乏方法严谨的研究、国际可比数据和国际发表的信息令人遗憾，因为国际比较和讨论肯定会有价值，特别是对于正在重新评估其收治标准和心理健康立法的国家。
