Zinkler Martin, Priebe Stefan
Unit for Social and Community Psychiatry, Barts and The London School of Medicine, Queen Mary, University of London, London, UK.
Acta Psychiatr Scand. 2002 Jul;106(1):3-8. doi: 10.1034/j.1600-0447.2002.02268.x.
The frequency of compulsory admission varies widely across Europe. Although there has been some research on a nation-wide level, no work has been done to compare mental health legislation in different countries in relation to detention rates and to patients' perception of hospital detention.
Databases and government statistics were searched for regional, national and European data. Legal frameworks were compared and reviewed in relation to patients' and professionals' views.
Nearly 20-fold variations in detention rates were found in different parts of Europe. Criteria for detention of the mentally ill are broadly similar when it comes to patients at risk to themselves or others. However different rules apply for involuntary treatment in the interest of the patient's health.
Variations in detention rates across Europe appear to be influenced by professionals' ethics and attitudes, sociodemographic variables, the public's preoccupation about risk arising from mental illness and the respective legal framework.
强制收治的频率在欧洲各国差异很大。尽管在全国层面已有一些研究，但尚未开展工作来比较不同国家在拘留率以及患者对住院拘留的认知方面的心理健康立法。
检索数据库及政府统计数据以获取区域、国家和欧洲层面的数据。对照患者及专业人员的观点对法律框架进行比较和审查。
在欧洲不同地区发现拘留率存在近20倍的差异。就对自身或他人构成风险的患者而言，收治精神病患者的标准大致相似。然而，出于患者健康考虑的非自愿治疗适用不同的规则。
欧洲各国拘留率的差异似乎受到专业人员的道德和态度、社会人口统计学变量、公众对精神疾病引发风险的关注以及各自法律框架的影响。
