Cornelius M D, Day N L, Cornelius J R, Geva D, Taylor P M, Richardson G A
Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.
Alcohol Clin Exp Res. 1993 Apr;17(2):290-4. doi: 10.1111/j.1530-0277.1993.tb00765.x.
Many adolescents drink, and the rate of teenage pregnancy is increasing, yet the effect of drinking among pregnant teenagers has received little attention. We present a description of the drinking patterns of 124 pregnant teenagers attending a prenatal clinic in Pittsburgh. Sixty-nine percent of the women were African-American, and the average age was 16 years (range 13-18 years). Eighty-two percent drank the year before pregnancy, while 54%, 19%, and 15% drank during the first, second, and third trimesters, respectively. All substance use decreased between the first and third trimesters, with the exception of tobacco, which rose significantly. Binge drinking (5+ drinks/occasion) occurred in 31% of the sample before pregnancy, rose to 35% in the first trimester, and then fell precipitously. Binge drinkers during pregnancy were more likely to be white and heavier users of tobacco, marijuana, and cocaine. Binge drinkers experienced alcohol and tobacco use and sexual intercourse earlier than nonbinge drinkers. Binge drinking in the first trimester may be considered a risk factor for infants of adolescents.
许多青少年饮酒，而且青少年怀孕率在上升，但怀孕青少年饮酒的影响却很少受到关注。我们描述了匹兹堡一家产前诊所的124名怀孕青少年的饮酒模式。69%的女性是非裔美国人，平均年龄为16岁（年龄范围13 - 18岁）。82%的女性在怀孕前一年饮酒，而在孕早期、孕中期和孕晚期饮酒的比例分别为54%、19%和15%。除烟草使用显著增加外，所有物质的使用在孕早期和孕晚期之间都有所减少。31%的样本在怀孕前有暴饮行为（每次饮用5杯及以上），在孕早期升至35%，然后急剧下降。孕期暴饮者更可能是白人，且更多地使用烟草、大麻和可卡因。暴饮者开始饮酒、吸烟和进行性行为的时间比非暴饮者更早。孕早期的暴饮行为可能被视为青少年所生婴儿的一个风险因素。
