Prowant B F, Warady B A, Nolph K D
Perit Dial Int. 1993;13(2):149-54.
A survey was developed to determine the prevalence of specific components of postoperative and chronic peritoneal catheter exit-site care procedures. Surveys were mailed to approximately 1800 participants of the 1991 Peritoneal Dialysis Conference; 585 surveys (80.6% from the United States and 96% from adult units) were analyzed. The most frequent components of postoperative exit-site care were the use of prophylactic antibiotics, daily dressing changes, procedures limited to specially trained staff, use of sterile technique, povidone iodine and hydrogen peroxide as cleansing agents, and gauze dressings. The most frequent components of chronic exit-site care procedures were daily care done with shower or bathing, antibacterial or pure soap for cleansing, hydrogen peroxide only as needed, catheter stabilization, dressings optional, and gauze dressings when used. Twice daily exit care, change in cleansing agent, and topical antibiotics were recommended for inflamed or infected exit sites. There were significant differences between the United States and other locations, particularly in the type of cleansing agent, use of hydrogen peroxide, and use of dressings for chronic care. Pediatric programs (all located in the United States or Canada) differed somewhat from adult programs in North America. Pediatric patients and their families were significantly more likely to be trained to do postoperative dressing changes and significantly less likely to perform exit-site care at the time of showering or bathing.
开展了一项调查，以确定术后及慢性腹膜导管出口部位护理程序特定组成部分的普遍情况。调查问卷被邮寄给了1991年腹膜透析会议的约1800名参与者；对585份调查问卷（80.6%来自美国，96%来自成人科室）进行了分析。术后出口部位护理最常见的组成部分包括使用预防性抗生素、每日更换敷料、程序限于经过专门培训的工作人员、使用无菌技术、使用聚维酮碘和过氧化氢作为清洁制剂以及使用纱布敷料。慢性出口部位护理程序最常见的组成部分包括在淋浴或洗澡时进行日常护理、使用抗菌或纯肥皂进行清洁、仅在需要时使用过氧化氢、导管固定、敷料可选用，使用时为纱布敷料。对于发炎或感染的出口部位，建议每天进行两次出口护理、更换清洁制剂并使用局部抗生素。美国与其他地区之间存在显著差异，尤其是在清洁制剂类型、过氧化氢的使用以及慢性护理中敷料的使用方面。儿科项目（均位于美国或加拿大）与北美成人项目略有不同。儿科患者及其家人接受术后更换敷料培训的可能性显著更高，而在淋浴或洗澡时进行出口部位护理的可能性显著更低。
