Iwata T, Kimura Y, Tsutsumi K, Furukawa Y, Kimura S
Department of Research and Development, Rinoru Oil Mills Co., Ltd., Nagoya, Japan.
J Nutr Sci Vitaminol (Tokyo). 1993 Feb;39(1):63-71. doi: 10.3177/jnsv.39.63.
Rats were fed a hypercholesterolemic diet (5% lard, 0.5% cholesterol, and 0.25% sodium cholate) containing 5% of dietary phospholipid as safflower phospholipid (SAP), soybean phospholipid (SOP), or egg yolk phospholipid (EGP), or 5% of soybean oil (SO) as a control for 4 weeks. The concentrations of plasma cholesterol were significantly higher in rats fed the EGP diet than those of the other diets. Similarly, the concentrations of chylomicron plus very low density lipoprotein (VLDL) cholesterol were higher in rats fed the EGP diet. The phospholipid diets induced a significant increase of high density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol in comparison with the SO diet. The concentrations of liver cholesterol were significantly lower in rats fed the phospholipid diets than those of the SO diet. Among phospholipid-fed rats, the SAP and SOP diets decreased the concentrations of liver cholesterol compared with the EGP diet. The activity of plasma lecithin-cholesterol acyltransferase (LCAT) was significantly increased in rats fed the phospholipid diets. The phospholipid diets caused an enhanced excretion of neutral steroids into feces. Among phospholipid-fed rats, the SAP and SOP diets increased the excretion of fecal neutral steroids compared with the EGP diet. The fatty acid composition of HDL phospholipid was slightly reflected by the major dietary fat source. These results suggest that SAP and SOP inhibit markedly the absorption of dietary cholesterol in the small intestine of hypercholesterolemic rats and that the effect of SAP and SOP on plasma cholesterol metabolism may be different from that of EGP.
给大鼠喂食高胆固醇饮食（5%猪油、0.5%胆固醇和0.25%胆酸钠），其中含有5%的膳食磷脂，分别为红花磷脂（SAP）、大豆磷脂（SOP）或蛋黄磷脂（EGP），或5%的大豆油（SO）作为对照，持续4周。喂食EGP饮食的大鼠血浆胆固醇浓度显著高于其他饮食组的大鼠。同样，喂食EGP饮食的大鼠乳糜微粒加极低密度脂蛋白（VLDL）胆固醇浓度也更高。与SO饮食相比，磷脂饮食能显著提高高密度脂蛋白（HDL）胆固醇水平。喂食磷脂饮食的大鼠肝脏胆固醇浓度显著低于SO饮食组。在喂食磷脂的大鼠中，与EGP饮食相比，SAP和SOP饮食降低了肝脏胆固醇浓度。喂食磷脂饮食的大鼠血浆卵磷脂胆固醇酰基转移酶（LCAT）活性显著增加。磷脂饮食使中性类固醇向粪便中的排泄增加。在喂食磷脂的大鼠中，与EGP饮食相比，SAP和SOP饮食增加了粪便中性类固醇的排泄。HDL磷脂的脂肪酸组成略有反映主要膳食脂肪来源的情况。这些结果表明，SAP和SOP能显著抑制高胆固醇血症大鼠小肠对膳食胆固醇的吸收，且SAP和SOP对血浆胆固醇代谢的影响可能与EGP不同。
