Bellet D, Bidart J M
Service d'Immunologie moléculaire, Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif.
Presse Med. 1993 Apr 17;22(14):680-6.
The clinical use of tumor-associated markers still raises several problems, due to the lack of specificity of most biological markers and to insufficient evaluation of their true benefit for the patients. Only two markers, calcitonin and alpha-fetoprotein, markers of medullary thyroid carcinomas and of hepatocellular carcinomas respectively, have been proved useful in screening high risk populations for tumors. The usefulness of the prostate specific antigen in screening for prostatic cancer is still debated. Human chorionic gonadotropin and its free beta subunit are useful in the early detection of testicular cancer. Other biological makers, such as CA 15-3 for breast cancers, CA 19-9 for either gastric or pancreatic cancers, anc CA 125 for ovarian tumors are useful mostly in the follow-up of these tumors. Finally, measurements of tumor markers and analysis of their results must be performed by biologists or physicians who use tumor-associated markers routinely.
由于大多数生物标志物缺乏特异性，且对其给患者带来的真正益处评估不足，肿瘤相关标志物的临床应用仍存在若干问题。仅两种标志物，即降钙素和甲胎蛋白，分别为甲状腺髓样癌和肝细胞癌的标志物，已被证明在筛查肿瘤高危人群方面有用。前列腺特异性抗原在前列腺癌筛查中的有用性仍存在争议。人绒毛膜促性腺激素及其游离β亚基在睾丸癌的早期检测中有用。其他生物标志物，如用于乳腺癌的CA 15-3、用于胃癌或胰腺癌的CA 19-9以及用于卵巢肿瘤的CA 125，大多在这些肿瘤的随访中有用。最后，肿瘤标志物的检测及其结果分析必须由经常使用肿瘤相关标志物的生物学家或医生进行。
