Rulin M C, Davidson A R, Philliber S G, Graves W L, Cushman L F
Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, Magee-Womens Hospital, Pennsylvania.
Obstet Gynecol. 1993 Jul;82(1):118-21.
To evaluate the long-term effect of tubal sterilization on menstrual indices and pelvic pain.
Five hundred women undergoing sterilization were interviewed before sterilization, 6-10 months after surgery, and 3-4.5 years later. Four hundred sixty-six non-sterilized comparison women were interviewed in parallel. The study population consisted of low-income, ethnically and regionally diverse women from three participating institutions.
When women who were taking oral contraceptives were excluded, no long-term differences was found between sterilized and nonsterilized women in terms of menstrual cycles, bleeding between periods, prolonged or heavy flow, dysmenorrhea, or noncyclic pelvic pain. Hysterectomy was uncommon (3.2%), but statistically more prevalent among sterilized women (4.55%) than nonsterilized women (2.17%) (P = .019).
Tubal sterilization has no long-term effect on menstrual indices or pelvic pain. An increase in severe dysmenorrhea, which emerged as a disturbing but nonsignificant trend at 6-10 months, did not progress over the next 3-4.5 years. Reasons for an increased rate of hysterectomy are not clear, but may be related to a lower threshold for choosing hysterectomy as a treatment option once a woman has been sterilized.
评估输卵管绝育术对月经指标和盆腔疼痛的长期影响。
对500名接受绝育术的女性在绝育术前、术后6 - 10个月以及3 - 4.5年后进行访谈。同时对466名未绝育的对照女性进行平行访谈。研究人群包括来自三个参与机构的低收入、种族和地区多样化的女性。
排除正在服用口服避孕药的女性后，绝育女性和未绝育女性在月经周期、经期之间出血、经期延长或经量过多、痛经或非周期性盆腔疼痛方面未发现长期差异。子宫切除术不常见（3.2%），但在统计学上，绝育女性（4.55%）比未绝育女性（2.17%）更普遍（P = 0.019）。
输卵管绝育术对月经指标或盆腔疼痛没有长期影响。严重痛经有所增加，在6 - 10个月时出现了令人不安但不显著的趋势，在接下来的3 - 4.5年中并未进一步发展。子宫切除术发生率增加的原因尚不清楚，但可能与女性绝育后选择子宫切除术作为治疗选择的阈值较低有关。
