Karjalainen J
Central Military Hospital, Helsinki, Finland.
Scand J Infect Dis Suppl. 1993;88:33-43.
The diagnosis of acute infectious myocarditis can be made on clinical grounds with reasonable certainty. Dynamically evolving electrocardiographic, echocardiographic, and serum cardiac enzyme level changes in a patient with symptoms of both an infection and a heart disease are the basis for the diagnosis. In contrast, the diagnosis of lymphocytic or giant cell myocarditis can be made only on the basis of an endomyocardial biopsy finding. The diagnosis and differential diagnosis of dilated cardiomyopathy are discussed in brief.
急性感染性心肌炎的诊断在临床上有合理的确定性依据。对于同时有感染症状和心脏病症状的患者，动态演变的心电图、超声心动图及血清心肌酶水平变化是诊断的基础。相比之下，淋巴细胞性或巨细胞性心肌炎的诊断只能基于心内膜心肌活检结果。本文简要讨论扩张型心肌病的诊断与鉴别诊断。
