Vogelstein B, Kinzler K W
Johns Hopkins Oncology Center, Baltimore, MD 21231.
Trends Genet. 1993 Apr;9(4):138-41. doi: 10.1016/0168-9525(93)90209-z.
Cancer is a distinct type of genetic disease in which not one, but several, mutations are required. Each mutation drives a wave of cellular multiplication associated with gradual increases in tumor size, disorganization and malignancy. Three to six such mutations appear to be required to complete this process.
癌症是一种独特类型的遗传疾病，其中并非需要一种而是几种突变。每种突变都会引发一波与肿瘤大小逐渐增加、结构紊乱和恶性程度上升相关的细胞增殖。完成这个过程似乎需要三到六种这样的突变。
