Tamakoshi A, Aoki R, Ohno Y, Hashimoto S, Shimizu H, Ikari A, Sakata K, Kawamura T, Wakai K
Department of Preventive Medicine, Nagoya University, School of Medicine.
Nihon Koshu Eisei Zasshi. 1995 Oct;42(10):888-96.
In order to clarify the status of social activities in the elderly, and to investigate an association between social activities and age, ADL, and geographical area, a self-administered questionnaire survey was conducted on the aged population in four areas in Japan. Social activities was defined as "activities which required contact with society" and was measured by 4 major facets of social activity, which were based on 21 questions on job activity, socially-related activities, learning activities, and personal activities. A total index was also developed by summarizing the 4 major facets as an indicator of whether the elderly is socially active or not as a whole. The following major findings emerged from this survey: (1) Rank correlation coefficients between each item which comprised 4 major activities were relatively high; (2) Excluding two activities, "shopping" and "attending senior school", aged men were more actively involved than women; (3) Trend in degrees of social activities differed by age among the 4 major facets, i.e., (a) job activity decreased with age, (b) socially-related activities and learning activities increased up to about 75 years old, and decreased thereafter, (c) personal activities were unaltered up to about 80 years old, and then decreased, and; (4) The elderly with low ADL had the lowest representation among the "highly active" in 4 major facets and total index as well.
为了阐明老年人社会活动的状况，并调查社会活动与年龄、日常生活活动能力（ADL）及地理区域之间的关联，对日本四个地区的老年人群进行了一项自填式问卷调查。社会活动被定义为“需要与社会接触的活动”，并通过社会活动的4个主要方面进行衡量，这4个方面基于关于工作活动、社会相关活动、学习活动和个人活动的21个问题。还通过总结这4个主要方面制定了一个总指数，作为老年人整体社会活动是否活跃的指标。本次调查得出以下主要结果：（1）构成4项主要活动的各项目之间的等级相关系数相对较高；（2）除“购物”和“上老年大学”这两项活动外，老年男性比女性参与度更高；（3）4个主要方面的社会活动程度趋势因年龄而异，即（a）工作活动随年龄增长而减少，（b）社会相关活动和学习活动在75岁左右之前增加，之后减少，（c）个人活动在80岁左右之前保持不变，然后减少；（4）日常生活活动能力低的老年人在4个主要方面和总指数的“高度活跃”人群中占比最低。
