Watts R A, Carruthers D M, Scott D G
Department of Rheumatology, Norfolk & Norwich Hospital, Norwich, UK.
Semin Arthritis Rheum. 1995 Aug;25(1):28-34. doi: 10.1016/s0049-0172(95)80015-8.
The epidemiology of the systemic vasculitides is poorly documented. Many studies have been conducted from tertiary referral centers, with resulting problems of referral bias and uncertainty of denominator population, or have involved small populations. We have estimated the incidence of the major forms of systemic vasculitis in a stable, ethnically homogeneous population of 414,000 adults from 1988 to 1994. The overall annual incidence of systemic vasculitis (excluding giant cell arteritis) is 39/million (95% confidence intervals; ranging from 31 to 47). The annual incidence of Wegener's granulomatosis is 8.5/million (range, 5.2 to 12.9), Churg-Strauss syndrome 2.4/million (0.9 to 5.3), microscopic polyangiitis 2.4/million (0.9 to 5.3), adult Henoch-Schonlein purpura 1.2/million (0.3 to 3.5), and systemic rheumatoid vasculitis 12.5/million (8.5 to 17.7). These data suggest that the overall incidence of systemic vasculitis is greater than previously thought (10/million) with Wegener's granulomatosis and systemic rheumatoid vasculitis being the most common. Whether this represents a genuine increase in incidence or increased physician awareness is uncertain.
系统性血管炎的流行病学资料记载不足。许多研究是在三级转诊中心开展的，存在转诊偏倚以及分母人群不确定的问题，或者所涉及的人群规模较小。我们估算了1988年至1994年期间41.4万成年稳定、种族同质人群中主要类型系统性血管炎的发病率。系统性血管炎（不包括巨细胞动脉炎）的总体年发病率为39/百万（95%置信区间；范围为31至47）。韦格纳肉芽肿的年发病率为8.5/百万（范围为5.2至12.9），变应性肉芽肿性血管炎为2.4/百万（0.9至5.3），显微镜下多血管炎为2.4/百万（0.9至5.3），成人过敏性紫癜为1.2/百万（0.3至3.5），系统性类风湿性血管炎为12.5/百万（8.5至17.7）。这些数据表明，系统性血管炎的总体发病率高于此前认为的（10/百万），其中韦格纳肉芽肿和系统性类风湿性血管炎最为常见。这是发病率真正上升还是医生认知度提高尚不确定。
