Prospects for newer technologies in cervical cancer screening programmes.

Because of the limitations of the Pap smear test, much attention has been given to development of technologies to increase the reliability of routine cervical cytology. Newer technologies in this field include automated slide preparation devices, automated slide readers, direct visualization methods and application of flow cytometry and nuclear magnetic resonance. These technologies show promise, but data on their costs, efficacy and effectiveness remain limited. Their introduction in Australia should be linked to local trials, and consideration of their impact on mortality and morbidity and on health care budgets.