Zeĭn Z, Donovski L
Khirurgiia (Sofiia). 1994;47(3):28-30.
Experience had with the treatment of 372 patients, admitted to the Clinical Center of Urology--Sofia, and 16 patients--to the Clinic of Urology of the Military Medical Academy, over the period 1990 through 1992, shows that the causes leading to hydronephrotic transformation comprise diseases of congenital and acquired nature involving upper and lower urinary tracts. Congenital disorders affect men and women at an equal male-to-female ratio--1:1, while acquired ones--at 1.8:1 male-to-female ratio; causes located in both upper and lower urinary tract are recorded at a 6.6:1 ratio. Proceeding from the analysis of the case material it is established that hydronephrosis is not a nosological entity of its own, but rather a symptom (complication) of a lesion (obstruction) located in the urinary tract. The compensatory mechanisms aimed at normalization of the elevated pressure affect in a varying degree the upper urinary ways, above the level of obstruction.
1990年至1992年期间，在索菲亚泌尿外科临床中心收治的372例患者以及军事医学科学院泌尿外科收治的16例患者的治疗经验表明，导致肾积水转变的原因包括涉及上、下尿路的先天性和后天性疾病。先天性疾病对男性和女性的影响比例相同，男女性别比为1:1，而后天性疾病的男女性别比为1.8:1；上、下尿路均有病变的原因记录为6.6:1。从病例资料分析可以确定，肾积水本身并非一种疾病实体，而是尿路中病变（梗阻）的一种症状（并发症）。旨在使升高的压力恢复正常的代偿机制在不同程度上影响着梗阻水平以上的上尿路。
