Faltaous A A, Yetman R J
Department of Surgery, Marshall University School of Medicine, Huntington, W.Va, USA.
Plast Reconstr Surg. 1996 Jan;97(1):56-60; discussion 61-2. doi: 10.1097/00006534-199601000-00008.
Coverage of facial defects is frequently challenging. Despite the numerous flaps described, the search for additional flaps with good color match and minimal donor-site morbidity continues. We present a flap based on the submental vessels. The anatomy based on 24 fresh cadaver dissections injected with Microfil is outlined. The submental artery is a branch of the facial artery after it exits from the submandibular gland. It runs over the mylohyoid and below the mandible. It continues either superficial or deep to the anterior belly of the digastric muscle. It supplies the skin of almost the entire triangle of the neck and a variable area across the midline. The facial artery diameter is 2.0 to 2.8 mm, and that of the submental artery is 1.0 to 1.5 mm. The facial vein provides venous drainage. From the anatomic study, the submental artery flap appears to have a long vascular pedicle and should be useful in facial and intraoral reconstructions. The size of the pedicle also makes it attractive as a free-tissue transfer. We feel that this flap has great clinical potential.
面部缺损的修复常常具有挑战性。尽管已描述了众多皮瓣，但人们仍在继续寻找颜色匹配良好且供区并发症最少的其他皮瓣。我们介绍一种基于颏下血管的皮瓣。概述了基于24例注射了微显影剂的新鲜尸体解剖的解剖结构。颏下动脉是面动脉从下颌下腺穿出后的分支。它走行于下颌舌骨肌上方和下颌骨下方。它继续走行于二腹肌前腹的浅面或深面。它供应几乎整个颈部三角区的皮肤以及中线两侧的可变区域。面动脉直径为2.0至2.8毫米，颏下动脉直径为1.0至1.5毫米。面静脉提供静脉引流。从解剖学研究来看，颏下动脉皮瓣似乎有较长的血管蒂，应可用于面部和口腔内重建。蒂的大小也使其作为游离组织移植很有吸引力。我们认为这种皮瓣具有很大的临床潜力。
