Watanabe T, Cole R
Department of Industrial Management Systems Engineering, Arizona State University, Tempe 85287-5906, USA.
Vision Res. 1995 Oct;35(20):2853-61. doi: 10.1016/0042-6989(95)00064-7.
We examined how the direction of apparent motion in one part of a scene can propagate and constrain motion direction in another part. The stimulus scene consisted of an array of dots all moving in the same physical direction at the same time. According to the proximity rule, the dots in the interior of the array should appear to move rightward and the dots at the edges should appear to oscillate horizontally. However, we found that: (1) with long frame durations, the interior dots also appeared to oscillate; (2) with shorter frame durations, the likelihood that the subjects perceived rightward motion at the center of the array increased; (3) oscillation was observed at the edges regardless of frame duration; (4) when opaque objects were placed on both the left and right sides of the array as occluders, only rightward motion was observed both in the center and at the edges of the occluders independent of frame duration; (5) in all cases, similar results were obtained with both foveal and peripheral viewing of either the center or the edge; and (6) with longer frame durations, the interior area within which oscillations were observed became larger. These findings suggest that signals for motion correspondence (oscillation) can gradually propagate to distant units (roughly 30 deg/sec). This can be explained by a locally-connected iterative network model.
我们研究了场景中一部分的表观运动方向如何传播并限制另一部分的运动方向。刺激场景由一系列同时沿相同物理方向移动的点组成。根据接近规则，阵列内部的点应看起来向右移动，而边缘的点应看起来水平振荡。然而，我们发现：（1）在长帧持续时间下，内部的点也会出现振荡；（2）在较短的帧持续时间下，受试者在阵列中心感知到向右运动的可能性增加；（3）无论帧持续时间如何，在边缘都观察到振荡；（4）当在阵列的左右两侧放置不透明物体作为遮挡物时，在遮挡物的中心和边缘都仅观察到向右运动，与帧持续时间无关；（5）在所有情况下，无论是注视中心还是边缘，中央凹和外周观察都得到了相似的结果；（6）在较长的帧持续时间下，观察到振荡的内部区域会变大。这些发现表明，运动对应（振荡）信号可以逐渐传播到远处的单元（大约30度/秒）。这可以用局部连接的迭代网络模型来解释。
