Steiner A, Roussel A J, Martig J
Clinic for Food Animals and Horses, University of Bern, Switzerland.
Am J Vet Res. 1995 Aug;56(8):1081-6.
The effect of bethanechol, neostigmine, metoclopramide, and propranolol on myoelectric activity of the ileum, cecum, and proximal loop of the ascending colon was determined in 6 healthy Jersey cows implanted with 8 pairs of bipolar electrodes. Assigned at random, each cow received each of 5 treatments in 3-day intervals. The treatments included bethanechol (0.07 mg/kg of body weight, SC), neostigmine (0.02 mg/kg, SC), metoclopramide (0.15 mg/kg, IM), DL-propranolol (0.2 mg/kg, IM), and 0.9% sodium chloride (NaCl) solution (20 ml, SC). All drugs were administered during early phase I of the migrating myoelectric complex in the ileum. Myoelectric activity was recorded for 4 hours after treatment, and data were analyzed for each hour separately. Bethanechol and neostigmine significantly (P < 0.05) increased the number of cecocolic spikes per minute per electrode, duration of cecocolic spike activity (%), and number of cecocolic propagated spike sequences per 10 minutes, relative to NaCl, during 1 or more hours of the recording period. The effect of bethanechol was more pronounced on duration of spike activity and number of propagated spike sequences, whereas neostigmine mainly increased the number of (uncoordinated) spikes. Metoclopramide and propranolol had no significant effect on cecocolic myoelectric activity, relative to NaCl. It was concluded that bethanechol and, less likely, neostigmine at the dosage used in this study may be suitable for medical treatment of cecal dilatation in cattle in which hypomotility of the cecum and proximal loop of the ascending colon has to be reversed. The potential advantage of bethanechol vs neostigmine for medical treatment of cecal dilatation is worth further evaluation.
在6头植入了8对双极电极的健康泽西奶牛中，测定了氨甲酰甲胆碱、新斯的明、甲氧氯普胺和普萘洛尔对回肠、盲肠及升结肠近端肠袢肌电活动的影响。每头奶牛随机分配，以3天的间隔接受5种处理中的每一种。处理包括氨甲酰甲胆碱（0.07 mg/kg体重，皮下注射）、新斯的明（0.02 mg/kg，皮下注射）、甲氧氯普胺（0.15 mg/kg，肌肉注射）、DL-普萘洛尔（0.2 mg/kg，肌肉注射）和0.9%氯化钠（NaCl）溶液（20 ml，皮下注射）。所有药物均在回肠移行性肌电复合波的早期I期给药。处理后记录4小时的肌电活动，并对每小时的数据分别进行分析。相对于NaCl，在记录期的1个或多个小时内，氨甲酰甲胆碱和新斯的明显著（P<0.05）增加了每个电极每分钟盲结肠尖峰的数量、盲结肠尖峰活动的持续时间（%）以及每10分钟盲结肠传播尖峰序列的数量。氨甲酰甲胆碱对尖峰活动持续时间和传播尖峰序列数量的影响更为明显，而新斯的明主要增加了（不协调的）尖峰数量。相对于NaCl，甲氧氯普胺和普萘洛尔对盲结肠肌电活动无显著影响。得出的结论是，本研究中使用的剂量的氨甲酰甲胆碱以及可能性较小的新斯的明可能适用于治疗盲肠和升结肠近端肠袢运动减弱的牛的盲肠扩张。氨甲酰甲胆碱与新斯的明在治疗盲肠扩张方面的潜在优势值得进一步评估。
