Corzo D, Salazar M, Granja C B, Yunis E J
Division of Immunogenetics Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Mass 02115, USA.
Exp Clin Immunogenet. 1995;12(3):156-70. doi: 10.1159/000424868.
The major histocompatibility complex (MHC) is a genetic system of over 70 known genes that occupies the midportion of the short arm of the sixth chromosome (C6p) and spans about 4 million base pairs of DNA. The high-resolution typing of class I and class II MHC genes and the identification of genes between and near them has increased the definition of the genetic basis of immune responses and diseases of unknown etiology such as autoimmune diseases in man. Although there are many more genetic systems that participate in the rejection of tissues and in the immune response, the MHC plays a central role in tissue compatibility and immune response against cancer and infectious diseases. In this paper, the authors review evidence about the role of HLA polymorphism in the pathogenesis and development of cancer, infectious diseases, autoimmune diseases and transplantation.
主要组织相容性复合体（MHC）是一个由70多个已知基因组成的遗传系统，位于第六号染色体（C6p）短臂的中部，跨越约400万个DNA碱基对。I类和II类MHC基因的高分辨率分型以及它们之间和附近基因的鉴定，增加了对免疫反应和病因不明疾病（如人类自身免疫性疾病）遗传基础的认识。尽管有更多的遗传系统参与组织排斥和免疫反应，但MHC在组织相容性以及针对癌症和传染病的免疫反应中起着核心作用。在本文中，作者综述了关于人类白细胞抗原（HLA）多态性在癌症、传染病、自身免疫性疾病和移植的发病机制及发展中作用的证据。
