p53 mutation in epithelial ovarian carcinoma and borderline ovarian tumor.

We have investigated a series of 19 human ovarian carcinomas and 17 borderline ovarian tumors to determine the loss of heterozygosity on chromosome 17p and possible concurrent p53 mutations. Allelic losses were assessed using restriction fragment length polymorphism study, and p53 gene mutations were detected by single strand conformation polymorphism analysis and by direct sequencing. In addition, we stained the same tumor sections immunohistochemically to detect p53 protein in tissues. Among 19 ovarian malignant tumor samples tested, we identified 17p allelic deletions in 12 (63.2%) of 19 informative cases. The p53 gene mutation was observed in 7 of 19 (36.8%) malignant ovarian tumors, and it was predominantly observed in tumors with allelic loss on 17p (six of seven tumors, 85.7%). Although 9 cases of 17 borderline ovarian tumors showed shifted bands on single strand conformation polymorphism analysis, only one case was proved to have a point mutation in direct sequencing. We also obtained six cases (31.6%) of positive immunoreactivity from 19 ovarian cancers and 3 cases (17.6%) from 17 borderline ovarian tumors. We conclude that loss or inactivation of tumor suppressor gene function by chromosome 17p allelic deletions or p53 mutations are important genetic changes in ovarian cancer.