van-der Hofstadt C J, Ruiz M T, Baena C, Sánchez A
Area 20 del Servicio Valenciano de la Salud, Alicante.
Med Clin (Barc). 1995 Nov 25;105(18):691-5.
Clinical observation ratifies the existence of commonly accepted erroneous beliefs (EB) in relation to sexuality. In the health care sector, reinforcing factors of these beliefs are the professionals who are not specifically trained to manage, or detect the same in addition to the variability of the criteria available on sexual health care.
The EB on sexuality were studied in 260 individuals (14-18 years) who are users of primary health care services. Four consultation offices of General Medicine were randomly selected, one by health care center (Area 20, Valencian Community, Spain). Subsequently, a structured interview was given to the users of these consultations over the period of one day. The interviews were carried out after receiving consent and guarantee of confidentiality. On the other hand, the results were compared with those previously obtained from the 44 health care professionals (HCP). The results are reported, the proportions compared (chi-square) to determine differences according to age, sex and level of education and the odds ratio was calculated to determine the probability of participation in EB according to sex. The response rate in users was 97.4% and is HCP 58%.
The proportion of EB ranged from 16.9% who believed coitus as the only "normal" sexual relationship and 63.8% who believed in the existence of two types of female orgasm. Depending on the beliefs, statistically significant differences were observed according to age (from p = 0.03 to p < 0.0000) and the level of education (from p = 0.01 to p < 0.0000) and between the user adult population and the HCP (from p = 0.01 to p < 0.0000).
There are numerous erroneous beliefs regarding sexuality in both primary health care users and, to a lesser extent, Spanish health care professionals. The influence of moral criteria, centered on reproduction, and prevalent sociocultural norms and values is of note. It was found that erroneous beliefs do not decrease with the educational level, but rather, change.
临床观察证实了关于性方面普遍存在的错误观念（EB）。在医疗保健领域，这些观念的强化因素包括未接受过专门管理或检测培训的专业人员，以及性健康保健方面现有标准的多样性。
对260名年龄在14至18岁的初级卫生保健服务使用者进行了关于性方面错误观念的研究。从西班牙巴伦西亚自治区第20区的每个医疗保健中心随机选取了四个普通内科咨询办公室。随后，在一天的时间里对这些咨询的使用者进行了结构化访谈。访谈在获得同意并保证保密后进行。另一方面，将结果与之前从44名医疗保健专业人员（HCP）那里获得的结果进行了比较。报告了结果，比较了比例（卡方检验）以确定根据年龄、性别和教育水平的差异，并计算了优势比以确定根据性别参与错误观念的概率。使用者的回应率为97.4%，医疗保健专业人员的回应率为58%。
错误观念的比例从认为性交是唯一“正常”性关系的16.9%到相信存在两种女性性高潮的63.8%不等。根据这些观念，在年龄（从p = 0.03到p < 0.0000）、教育水平（从p = 0.01到p < 0.0000）以及成年使用者群体和医疗保健专业人员之间（从p = 0.01到p < 0.0000）观察到了具有统计学意义的差异。
在初级卫生保健使用者以及程度较轻的西班牙医疗保健专业人员中，存在许多关于性方面的错误观念。以生殖为中心的道德标准以及普遍的社会文化规范和价值观的影响值得注意。研究发现，错误观念并不会随着教育水平的提高而减少，而是会发生变化。
