Kumamoto Y, Hirose T, Tanaka N, Hikichi Y, Shigeta S, Shiraiwa Y, Kameoka H, Yoshida H, Ogata M, Tazaki H
Department of Urology, School of Medicine, Sapporo Medical College.
Jpn J Antibiot. 1995 Oct;48(10):1295-316.
The frequencies of isolation and susceptibilities to antimicrobial agents were investigated on 848 bacterial strains isolated from patients with urinary tract infections in 10 hospitals during the period of June 1990 to May 1991. Of the above total bacterial isolates, Gram-positive bacteria accounted for 23.9% and a majority of them were Enterococcus faecalis. Gram-negative bacteria accounted for 76.1% and most of them were Escherichia coli. 1. Enterococcus faecalis: Ampicillin (ABPC), imipenem (IPM) and vancomycin (VCM) showed the highest activities against E. faecalis isolated from patients with urinary tract infections. The MIC90s of them were 2 micrograms/ml. Piperacillin (PIPC) was also active with the MIC90 of 4 micrograms/ml. The others were not so active with the MIC90s of 32 micrograms/ml or above. 2. Staphylococcus aureus: VCM and arbekacin (ABK) showed the highest activities against S. aureus isolated from patients with urinary tract infections. The MIC90s of them were 1 micrograms/ml. The others were not so active with the MIC90s of 32 micrograms/ml or above. 3. Escherichia coli: Cefozopran (CZOP), carumonam (CRMN) and ofloxacin (OFLX) showed the highest activities against E. coli isolated from patients with urinary tract infections. The MIC90s of them were of 0.125 microgram/ml or below. IPM, cefotiam (CTM) and cefmenoxime (CMX) were also active with the MIC90s of 0.25 micrograms/ml. Penicillins were not so active with the MIC90s of 32 micrograms/ml or above. 4. Klebsiella pneumoniae: Flomoxef (FMOX), cefixime (CFIX), CZOP and CRMN showed the highest activities against K. pneumoniae isolated from patients with urinary tract infections. The MIC90s of them were of 0.125 microgram/ml or below. IPM and gentamicin (GM) were also active with the MIC90s of 0.25 microgram/ml and 0.5 microgram/ml, respectively. All other cephems were also active with the MIC90s of 4 micrograms/ml or below. 5. Citrobacter freundii: GM and IPM showed the highest activities against C. freundii isolated from patients with urinary tract infections. The MIC90s of them were 1 microgram/ml. Amikacin (AMK) was also active with the MIC90 of 4 micrograms/ml. The others were not so active. 6. Enterobacter cloacae: IPM and GM showed the highest activities against E. cloacae isolated from patients with urinary tract infections. The MIC90s of them MIC90s of 0.5 microgram/ml. AMK and OFLX were also active with the MIC90s of 4 micrograms/ml. Penicillins and cephems generally showed lower activities. 7. Proteus mirabilis: Most of the agents were active against P. mirabilis. Cephems were generally active with the MIC90s in a range of < or = 0.125 microgram/ml-4 micrograms/ml.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
对1990年6月至1991年5月期间从10家医院的尿路感染患者中分离出的848株细菌菌株，研究了其分离频率及对抗菌药物的敏感性。在上述全部细菌分离株中，革兰氏阳性菌占23.9%，其中大多数为粪肠球菌。革兰氏阴性菌占76.1%，其中大多数为大肠杆菌。1. 粪肠球菌：氨苄西林（ABPC）、亚胺培南（IPM）和万古霉素（VCM）对从尿路感染患者中分离出的粪肠球菌显示出最高活性。它们的MIC90为2微克/毫升。哌拉西林（PIPC）也有活性，MIC90为4微克/毫升。其他药物活性较低，MIC90为32微克/毫升或更高。2. 金黄色葡萄球菌：VCM和阿贝卡星（ABK）对从尿路感染患者中分离出的金黄色葡萄球菌显示出最高活性。它们的MIC90为1微克/毫升。其他药物活性较低，MIC90为32微克/毫升或更高。3. 大肠杆菌：头孢唑兰（CZOP）、卡芦莫南（CRMN）和氧氟沙星（OFLX）对从尿路感染患者中分离出的大肠杆菌显示出最高活性。它们的MIC90为0.125微克/毫升或更低。IPM、头孢替安（CTM）和头孢甲肟（CMX）也有活性，MIC90为0.25微克/毫升。青霉素类药物活性较低，MIC90为32微克/毫升或更高。4. 肺炎克雷伯菌：氟氧头孢（FMOX）、头孢克肟（CFIX）、CZOP和CRMN对从尿路感染患者中分离出的肺炎克雷伯菌显示出最高活性。它们的MIC90为0.125微克/毫升或更低。IPM和庆大霉素（GM）也有活性，MIC90分别为0.25微克/毫升和0.5微克/毫升。所有其他头孢菌素类药物也有活性，MIC90为4微克/毫升或更低。5. 弗劳地枸橼酸杆菌：GM和IPM对从尿路感染患者中分离出的弗劳地枸橼酸杆菌显示出最高活性。它们的MIC90为1微克/毫升。阿米卡星（AMK）也有活性，MIC90为4微克/毫升。其他药物活性较低。6. 阴沟肠杆菌：IPM和GM对从尿路感染患者中分离出的阴沟肠杆菌显示出最高活性。它们的MIC90为0.5微克/毫升。AMK和OFLX也有活性，MIC90为4微克/毫升。青霉素类和头孢菌素类药物一般活性较低。7. 奇异变形杆菌：大多数药物对奇异变形杆菌有活性。头孢菌素类药物一般有活性，MIC90范围为≤0.125微克/毫升至4微克/毫升。（摘要截短至400字）
