Cooley D A
Texas Heart Institute, Houston 77225-0345, USA.
Am J Surg. 1995 Dec;170(6A Suppl):53S-59S. doi: 10.1016/s0002-9610(99)80060-9.
Conservative use of allogeneic red blood cell (RBC) transfusion is a growing trend in cardiovascular surgery. Recent advances in blood conservation measures have reduced, and in some cases eliminated, the need for allogeneic RBC transfusions in some of these patients. Reduced reliance on allogeneic RBC transfusion requires close collaboration among the clinical pathology, anesthesia, and surgery services managing the patient. Preoperative conservation measures include donation of autologous blood and treatment with recombinant human erythropoietin (Epoetin alfa). Meticulous surgical technique, moderate hemodilution, aprotinin, hemostatic techniques, blood salvage, and autotransfusion are intraoperative measures that can reduce blood loss. Postoperatively, even severe blood deficits can often be restored with adequate diet and rest and the use of actinics.
异体红细胞（RBC）输注的保守使用在心血管外科领域是一种日益增长的趋势。血液保护措施的最新进展已经减少，并且在某些情况下消除了部分此类患者对异体RBC输注的需求。减少对异体RBC输注的依赖需要管理患者的临床病理、麻醉和外科服务部门之间密切协作。术前保护措施包括自体血捐献和重组人促红细胞生成素（促红细胞生成素α）治疗。细致的手术技术、适度血液稀释、抑肽酶、止血技术、血液回收和自体输血是可减少失血的术中措施。术后，即使是严重的血液不足通常也可通过充足的饮食和休息以及使用补血剂得以恢复。
