Salvati A M, Maffi D, Caprari P, Marsili G
Laboratorio di Biochimica Clinica, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy.
Ann Ist Super Sanita. 1995;31(1):131-9.
In the years 1984-1989 the Istituto Superiore di Sanità organized an EQAS for haematology (SVEQE) in Italy. A series of trials for haemocytometry, abnormal haemoglobins, HbA2, HbF, red cell G6PD and peripheral blood films, were carried out with the participation of 126 hospital laboratories, in different regions. SVEQE was an educative programme, aiming at promotion of quality assurance (QA) in laboratory haematology. At the same time an attempt was made to survey the analytical methods and instruments and to estimate the "state of the art" by the dispersion of all results. Participant laboratories were not scored for their performances. The operative protocol was harmonized to the guidelines established by WHO and ICSH; the trial specimens were prepared from normal or pathologic blood samples provided by blood banks or hospital departments. The trials for haemocytometry demonstrated a wide use of completely automated analyzers and in a steady state of performance during about five years. CVs, mainly for WBV and PLT, were somewhat higher than in other countries, where national QA systems have been established for a long time. Such discrepancies were not surprising in a pilot programme and were likely to be caused by inadequate internal quality control. The exercises for abnormal haemoglobins, HbA2, HbF and G6PD pointed out the need of using standardized methods according to the recommendations of ICSH. A large number of participating laboratories took part in the trial for blood cell morphology, being convinced of the educative function of this exercise; it is important to continue with systematic surveys, even including rare haematological disorders amongst the selected cases.
1984年至1989年间，意大利高等卫生研究院组织了一项血液学外部质量评估计划（SVEQE）。在不同地区的126家医院实验室的参与下，开展了一系列关于血细胞计数、异常血红蛋白、HbA2、HbF、红细胞葡萄糖-6-磷酸脱氢酶（G6PD）和外周血涂片的检测。SVEQE是一项教育计划，旨在促进实验室血液学的质量保证（QA）。同时，还尝试对分析方法和仪器进行调查，并通过所有结果的离散程度来评估“技术水平”。参与实验室的表现未进行评分。操作方案与世界卫生组织（WHO）和国际血液学标准化委员会（ICSH）制定的指南保持一致；试验样本由血库或医院科室提供的正常或病理血液样本制备。血细胞计数检测表明，全自动分析仪得到了广泛应用，并且在大约五年的时间里性能保持稳定状态。主要针对白细胞（WBV）和血小板（PLT）的变异系数（CVs）略高于其他长期建立了国家质量保证体系的国家。在一个试点计划中出现这种差异并不奇怪，可能是由于内部质量控制不足所致。异常血红蛋白、HbA2、HbF和G6PD的检测指出，需要根据ICSH的建议使用标准化方法。大量参与实验室参加了血细胞形态学检测，因为他们相信这项检测的教育功能；重要的是要继续进行系统调查，甚至在所选病例中纳入罕见的血液系统疾病。
