Molecular biology and colorectal cancer: genetic alterations, inherited syndromes, and applications to colon cancer screening.

Molecular genetics has rapidly advanced our understanding of pathogenesis and biologic behavior of colorectal carcinoma. This article will review the genetic changes which occur in colonic mucosa as it progresses from benign to malignant as well as review the inherited forms of colorectal cancer. Current screening methods and anticipated future strategies for colorectal cancer screening will be discussed.