Smith R C, Rutherford O M
Department of Physiology, St. Mary's Hospital Medical School, London, UK.
Eur J Appl Physiol Occup Physiol. 1995;71(4):332-6. doi: 10.1007/BF00240413.
This study examined the role of high forces versus metabolic cost in the adaptations following strength training. Ten young, healthy male and female subjects trained one leg using concentric (CL) and the other using eccentric (EL) contractions of the quadriceps muscle for 20 weeks. EL used weights which were 35% higher than those used for CL. Isometric strength, and the length:tension and force:velocity relationship of the muscle were measured before and after training. Muscle cross-sectional area (CSA) was measured near the knee and hip using computed tomography. Increases in isometric strength were greater for CL compared to EL, the difference being significant with the knee at 1.57 rad (90 degrees) [mean (SD), 43.7 (19.6)% vs 22.9 (9.8)%, respectively; P = 0.01]. Increases in isokinetic strength tended to be larger for EL, although the differences were not significant. Significant increases in CSA occurred near the hip for both EL and CL. These results suggest that metabolic cost, and not high forces alone, are involved in the stimuli for muscle hypertrophy and strength gains following high-resistance training.
本研究探讨了高强度力量训练与代谢成本在力量训练适应过程中的作用。10名年轻健康的男性和女性受试者，一条腿采用股四头肌的向心收缩（CL）训练，另一条腿采用离心收缩（EL）训练，持续20周。EL训练所使用的重量比CL训练高35%。在训练前后测量等长肌力、肌肉的长度-张力关系和力-速度关系。使用计算机断层扫描测量膝关节和髋关节附近的肌肉横截面积（CSA）。与EL相比，CL训练后的等长肌力增加幅度更大，在膝关节1.57弧度（90度）时差异显著[平均值（标准差），分别为43.7（19.6）%和22.9（9.8）%；P = 0.01]。EL训练后的等速肌力增加幅度虽有更大趋势，但差异不显著。EL和CL训练后髋关节附近的CSA均显著增加。这些结果表明，在高阻力训练后，肌肉肥大和力量增加的刺激因素不仅包括高强度力量，还涉及代谢成本。
