Identification of dendritic cells as a major source of interleukin-6 in draining lymph nodes following skin sensitization of mice.

Skin sensitization with chemical allergens is associated with the activation and proliferation of T lymphocytes within lymph nodes draining the site of exposure. These events are accompanied by the secretion of interleukin-6 (IL-6) by lymph node cells (LNC). We have investigated the cellular source of IL-6 seventy-two hours following primary exposure of mice to the contact allergen oxazolone. Immunocytochemical analyses of sections of activated lymph nodes have revealed that cells expressing IL-6 are located within the T-dependent lymph node paracortex, with none present in lymphoid follicles. Cells which expressed IL-6 cofractionated exclusively with LNC of low buoyant density, the majority of which also expressed membrane Ia and had a dendritic morphology. Depletion of dendritic cells from LNC culture was associated with a significant decrease in the secretion of IL-6 by the residual population. These data demonstrate that dendritic cells are a major source of IL-6 within lymph nodes during primary immune responses to cutaneous antigens.