Crabtree D V, Adler A J, Snodderly D M
Schepens Eye Research Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA.
Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 1996 Jan;37(1):61-76.
To map vitamin E as a function of distance from the foveal center in the primate retina and retinal pigment epithelium (RPE)-choroid.
Eyecups from rhesus monkeys were dissected with circular trephines so that the innermost disc, centered on the fovea, was in the center of a series of concentric rings. Two different types of dissection were performed. For one type, the authors used circular trephines with diameters of 1, 4, 8, and 10 mm (1,4-D), whereas for the other type the diameters were 2, 5, 8, and sometimes 10 mm (2,5-D). When possible, the neural retina was separated from the RPE-choroid. Tissues were analyzed for vitamin E, retinyl palmitate, and protein.
Surface area, volume, and protein were used as indexes of the amount of tissue analyzed. Distributions of vitamin E in neural retina were dependent on the tissue metric used and type of dissection performed. However, regardless of the tissue metric used, the central 1-mm disc of the 1,4-D was, on average, higher in vitamin E content than was the central 2-mm disc of the 2,5-D. This was particularly true when volume was the tissue metric. From the average values of vitamin E in a series of concentric discs, a composite plot of the vitamin E concentration in the neural retina was generated that took into consideration both types of dissection. That plot displayed a local maximum in the fovea and then precipitously declined to a minimum in the region between 0.5 and 1.0 mm eccentricity (near the foveal crest); at greater eccentricities, the vitamin E concentration rose to a value similar to that in the fovea, i.e., the composite plot indicated that vitamin E has a V-shaped distribution in the central neural retina. Vitamin E distribution in the RPE-choroid, with surface area as the tissue metric, also was measured. For this tissue, the foveal region displayed a local maximum.
By combining the results of two different types of dissection, the authors found that in the neural retina, vitamin E displayed a minimum near the foveal crest. This minimum correlated anatomically with the site at which areolar (geographic) atrophy frequently occurs in retinal pigment epithelial cells in the human disease, age-related macular degeneration.
描绘灵长类动物视网膜及视网膜色素上皮（RPE）-脉络膜中维生素E含量随距中央凹中心距离的变化情况。
用环形环钻从恒河猴眼杯中取出组织，使以中央凹为中心的最内侧圆盘位于一系列同心环的中心。进行了两种不同类型的解剖。一种类型中，作者使用直径为1、4、8和10毫米的环形环钻（1,4-D），另一种类型中，直径为2、5、8，有时为10毫米（2,5-D）。尽可能将神经视网膜与RPE-脉络膜分离。对组织进行维生素E、视黄醇棕榈酸酯和蛋白质分析。
表面积、体积和蛋白质用作分析组织量的指标。神经视网膜中维生素E的分布取决于所使用的组织测量指标和进行的解剖类型。然而，无论使用何种组织测量指标，1,4-D的中央1毫米圆盘的维生素E含量平均高于2,5-D的中央2毫米圆盘。当体积作为组织测量指标时尤其如此。根据一系列同心圆盘中维生素E的平均值，生成了考虑两种解剖类型的神经视网膜中维生素E浓度的综合图。该图显示中央凹处有局部最大值，然后在偏心度为0.5至1.0毫米的区域（靠近中央凹嵴）急剧下降至最小值；在更大的偏心度下，维生素E浓度上升至与中央凹处相似的值，即综合图表明维生素E在中央神经视网膜中呈V形分布。还测量了以表面积为组织测量指标的RPE-脉络膜中维生素E的分布。对于该组织，中央凹区域显示有局部最大值。
通过结合两种不同类型解剖的结果，作者发现，在神经视网膜中，维生素E在中央凹嵴附近含量最低。这一最低值在解剖学上与人类疾病年龄相关性黄斑变性中视网膜色素上皮细胞常发生地图状（地理性）萎缩的部位相关。
