Nishimura M, Yoshimura M
Department of Clinical Laboratory and Medicine, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine.
Rinsho Byori. 1995 Nov;43(11):1128-32.
The renin angiotensin system is one of the most important humoral factors underlying the mechanism of hypertension. The genes constituting the renin angiotensin system have been expected to be candidates for essential hypertension. DNA polymorphisms of angiotensinogen and angiotensin II type 1 receptor genes are reported to be significantly related with the incidence of human hypertension, but further investigation is needed to clarify the relationship between the genes of the renin angiotensin system and hypertension. The renin angiotensin system exists not only in circulating blood, but also in extrarenal organs and tissues. Tissue renin angiotensin systems in the brain, blood vessels, and adrenal glands are considered to play important roles in the pressor mechanisms in low renin as well as high renin hypertension. Gene expressions of the constituents of the tissue renin angiotensin system are affected in part by circulating angiotensin II, but they are regulated mostly by their own specific control mechanisms in each organ and tissue. In future, laboratory tests in clinical medicine may be necessary to determine the DNA polymorphisms and tissue gene expression of renin angiotensin system, in deciding the diagnosis, prognosis and therapy of hypertension.
肾素血管紧张素系统是高血压发病机制中最重要的体液因素之一。构成肾素血管紧张素系统的基因一直被认为是原发性高血压的候选基因。据报道，血管紧张素原和血管紧张素II 1型受体基因的DNA多态性与人类高血压的发病率显著相关，但仍需进一步研究以阐明肾素血管紧张素系统基因与高血压之间的关系。肾素血管紧张素系统不仅存在于循环血液中，也存在于肾外器官和组织中。脑、血管和肾上腺中的组织肾素血管紧张素系统被认为在低肾素性高血压和高肾素性高血压的升压机制中起重要作用。组织肾素血管紧张素系统成分的基因表达部分受循环血管紧张素II的影响，但主要由各器官和组织自身的特定调控机制调节。未来，在决定高血压的诊断、预后和治疗时，临床医学中的实验室检测可能有必要确定肾素血管紧张素系统的DNA多态性和组织基因表达。
