Rouby C, Holley A
Laboratoire de Physiologie Neurosensorielle, UA CNRS 180, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Villeurbanne, France.
Perception. 1995;24(9):1083-97. doi: 10.1068/p241083.
Backward masking and its possible connection with the perception of odour mixtures has been investigated. Temporal competition between odorants in a binary mixture was tested by artificially creating a delay between one odour (the target) and a second, stronger, odour (the mask) during a single natural sniff. To test the influence of central versus peripheral competition, the same mixture was presented either monorhinically or dichorhinically. The delay (100 to 400 ms) did not influence intensity perception, indicating that intensities are integrated during the sniff irrespective of the temporal arrangement. In contrast, the number of qualities perceived was influenced by the delay: delays of 200 to 400 ms gave significant increases in the frequency of detection of a mixture, whereas synchronous mixtures favoured the perception of a single odour. Masking was also significantly stronger in dichorhinic mixtures. These effects are discussed in terms of retroactive masking which seems to be enhanced by dichorhinic mixtures, suggesting that masking has an important central component.
反向掩蔽及其与气味混合物感知的可能联系已得到研究。通过在单次自然吸气过程中人为地在一种气味（目标气味）和第二种更强的气味（掩蔽气味）之间制造延迟，来测试二元混合物中气味剂之间的时间竞争。为了测试中枢竞争与外周竞争的影响，以单鼻孔或双鼻孔方式呈现相同的混合物。延迟（100至400毫秒）并未影响强度感知，这表明在吸气过程中强度会被整合，而与时间安排无关。相比之下，所感知到的气味种类数量受到延迟的影响：200至400毫秒的延迟使混合物检测频率显著增加，而同步混合物则有利于单一气味的感知。双鼻孔混合物中的掩蔽作用也明显更强。这些效应根据逆向掩蔽进行了讨论，双鼻孔混合物似乎增强了逆向掩蔽，这表明掩蔽具有重要的中枢成分。
